在人类扩张自身栖息地的同时，原本的自然生态结构（如物种）以及生态功能（如物质循环）不可避免地被干扰，有时甚至难以再生。为了维持场地特点，如果单纯地依靠一定的投入与持续的维护等人为的掩盖与修饰手段，那么在更广的空间维度与更长的时间维度里，这种修饰的消耗是趋于增加的。
As humans expand their habitats, natural ecological structures (such as species) and ecological functions (such as material circulation) are inevitably disturbed and sometimes difficult to reproduce. In order to maintain the site characteristics, if we simply rely on some artificial covering and modification measures such as certain input and continuous maintenance, the consumption of such modification tends to increase in the broader space dimension and the longer time dimension.
场地内几乎二分之一的原有山林以及耕地被住宅区取代。其中在东北侧山体规划建设生活美学馆，最终将以文化馆的功能向公众开放。保留下来的两部分位于山体上的香樟培育林带与原养殖鱼塘成为了具有当地特色的风景资源，并且湖光山色也是城市中的人们期盼的一种场地特点。
Almost half of the original forest and farmland was replaced by residential areas. Among them, the life experience pavilion is planned and built in the mountains on the northeast side of the mountain. After completing the sales task, it will finally open to the public with the function of the cultural hall. The two remaining parts, the camphor cultivation forest belt and the original fish pond on the mountain, have become the landscape resources with local characteristics, and the lake-scenery is also a desired site feature in the city.
生态化设计
不得不承认采用“修饰”的手段在短期内可以在小范围内能营造出公众向往的场景，但我们也时常看见因缺乏养护而失去竞争力的外来的名贵树种；未及时清除杂草而被自然“占领”的林中小路；因为能耗因素每年只在重大节日才会开启的水景甚至因年久失修而荒废……
我们想要长期维持青山绿水这样的场地特点，我们或许需要先认识到使生态保持着内在稳定性取决于其生态结构的组成与功能的特征是否具有可再生的能力，实施最低限度的人为管理。
Ecological design
It has to be acknowledged that the use of “embellishment” means can create a desirable scene in a small area in the short term, but we also often see the loss of competitiveness due to the lack of maintenance of exotic valuable species; A forest path that is “occupied” by nature without clearing weeds in time; Because of energy consumption, the waterscape that only opens on major festivals every year is even abandoned due to disrepair …
If we want to maintain the site features such as green mountains and rivers for a long time, we may need to first realize that the internal stability of the ecology depends on the reproducibility of the composition and function of the ecological structure and implement the minimum human management.
开挖现状 Excavation status
地形 | 尽可能保留原有物种基数
生态结构如物种、物种数量、分布方式的多样性关系到生态系统抗击干扰的能力。结构越多样，越不会因为在遭遇干扰后某个物种或某片区域被破坏从而影响整个生态链条，即使干扰后影响了生态系统，也会自发地产生新的生态发展方向。
Topographic | retains the original species base as much as possible
Ecological structures such as species, number of species, and distributed diversity are related to the ability of the ecosystem to resist disturbance. The more diverse the structure, the less the whole ecological chain will be affected by the destruction of a species or a region after the interference. Even if the disturbance affects the ecosystem, new ecological development direction will be generated spontaneously.
场地原始等高线 Original contour line
在未开发前，当地生态系统是趋于稳定的状态。由于A、B住宅区车辆通达性的需求，需要对横亘于两个住宅区之间的山体进行开挖。为尽可能多地保留原有物种基数，我们选取山体的鞍部开挖，并采用垂直挡墙代替削坡的方式，使开挖量减至最小。
Before development, the local ecosystem is stable. Due to the demand of vehicle accessibility in residential areas A and B, the mountain between the two residential areas needs to be excavated. In order to retain the original species base as much as possible, we choose to excavate the saddle of the mountain and use vertical baffle wall instead of slope cutting to minimize the excavation.
车行道剖面图 Roadway Section
登山木栈道剖面图 Mountaineering plank road Section
通往生活美学馆的人行道路采用架空木栈道的方式，降低对原有山体的干扰，同时也为更多植物的生长提供可能。
The sidewalk road leading to the experience pavilion adopts an overhead wooden plank road, which reduces the interference to the original mountain and also provides the possibility for more plants to grow.
植被现状 Vegetation status
植物 | 动态联合
与此同时，我们还需要将时间维度引入设计策略，认识到生态是有生命的复杂的整体，我们常常提到的“生态平衡”并不是特指某个时间点某一区域内僵化的平衡，而是较长时期内某区域生态环境内各个斑块发展与衰退的总和。
Plant | dynamic union
At the same time, we also need to introduce the time dimension into the design strategy, realizing that ecology is a complex whole with life. What we often refer to as “ecological balance” is not the rigid balance in a certain region at a certain point in time, but the sum of the development and decline of various patches in a certain region’s ecological environment over a long period of time.
植被孤岛现状 Current Situation of Vegetation Island
原本场地中现存有香樟组团或泡桐组团形成的孤岛，我们希望通过在孤岛边缘掺杂不同树龄的本地树种的策略使各个孤岛编织成一个整体。
In the original site, there were isolated islands formed by the camphor group or the paulownia group. We hope to weave each isolated island into a whole through the strategy of mixing local tree species of different tree ages at the edge of the isolated island.
植被修复策略 Vegetation Restoration Strategy
梳理中低层地被，加入新的灌木品种，斑块化混合式种植。在未来的几年中，经过各个品种之间的竞争，品种本身的发展与衰退，甚至是动物的影响，生态系统会自发地建立起使自身趋于“平衡”的适应能力。
水文 | 修复物质循环
由于住宅区的建设，湖体的汇水面积较原本减少约1/3。当蒸发量不变的情况下汇入湖体的水量减少，物质循环难以平衡，水位线将会渐渐下降。
Combing the middle and lower ground cover, adding new shrub species, and planting in patchy mixed mode. In the next few years, after competition among varieties, the development and decline of varieties themselves and even the influence of animals, the ecosystem will spontaneously build up its adaptability to ” balance”.
Hydrological | repair material circulation
Due to the construction of the residential area, the catchment area of the lake body is about 1/3 less than the original. When the evaporation rate remains unchanged, the amount of water flowing into the lake body decreases, and the material circulation is difficult to balance. The water level will gradually decline.
原始水文状况 Hydrological Current Situation
水文现状 Hydrological status
水文策略 Hydrological strategy
我们希望通过重建物质循环的策略，使湖区生态得以修复。收集道路雨水，通过雨水花园的生物净化后汇入湖体；在东北侧山体设置截水沟收集山体径流，经过睡莲池沉沙后进入湖体；在西北角与场地外水系相连的溪流通过捉蟹池的石台跌级充氧后汇入水塘；西侧为保证原有地表径流，采用架空木栈道的方式设置人行道路。
We hope to restore the ecology of the lake area through the strategy of rebuilding material circulation. Collect road rainwater, which will enter the lake body after the biological purification of rainwater garden; Set up gullies on the northeast side of the mountain to collect the mountain runoff and enter the lake body after the water lily pond sinks into the sand. A stream connected to the water system outside the site at the northwest corner is brought into the reservoir after being oxygenated through the rock stage of the crab catching pool; In order to ensure the original surface runoff on the west side, sidewalk roads are set up in the form of overhead wooden plank roads.
总平面 Master Plan
睡莲池 Waterlily pool
捉蟹池 Crab-catching pond
人与自然
在生活美学馆周边场地的设计中我们希望人在体验与自然的关系时是多样的。我们希望通过隐、嵌、穿、夹、围、引、抬、融的方式，建立起人工空间与自然之间的边界:有时是低矮的坐墙，有时是高墙、有时是围栏;使人们在识别自身领域的同时，产生与自然多维度的感知：自然有时候是头顶浓郁的林荫，有时候一簇冒出墙头的枝丫，有时候是从远处蔓延而来的地被……
Man and nature
In the design of the site around the life experience hall, we hope that people can experience the relationship with nature in a diversified way.We want to establish a boundary between artificial space and nature by hide, inlay, traversing, clipping, encompassment, introduction, lift, and integrate: we use low walls, high walls and fences, for making people realizing of their own realm, at the same time, producing multi-dimensional from nature: sometimes nature is the rich shade of woods, sometimes is a cluster of branches out of the wall, sometimes is a spreading shrub……
生活美学馆放大平面 Life aesthetics hall plan
入口平台 Entrance platform
夹道入口 Passageway entrance
观湖平台 Lake viewing platform
枯山水庭院 Karesansui garden
水庭院 Water garden
夯土墙立面控制图 Rammed earth wall elevation
现场土壤状况 Site soil condition
采自于场地原本的红褐色土壤，通过分层夯实形成特殊的纹理。
From the original reddish-brown soil of the site, special texture is formed by layering and compacting.
项目名称：绿城义乌桃花源
业主：义乌绿城交投房地产开发有限公司
地址：浙江· 义乌
项目类型：山体公园
建造时间：2018年建成
占地面积：约4万㎡
景观设计：CLD会筑景观
项目团队：张浩青、刘琨、梁永德、滕婉、李佳笈、顾悦平
建筑设计：九米建筑
室内设计：集美组
照明设计：琢影照明
枯山水设计：七月合作社
摄影师：张海 姚力
Project Name: YIWU PEACH BLOSSOM LAND
Owner: GREENTOWN&CIRE
Address: Yiwu, Zhejiang province, China
Project Type: Mountain Park
Construction time: 2018
Covering an area of about 40,000 ㎡
Landscape Design:Collective Landscape Design
Project teams: Zhang Haoqing, Liu Kun, Liang Yongde, Teng Wan, Li Jiaji and Gu Yueping
Architectural design: 9m design
Interior Design: NEWSDAYS
Lighting Design: ZhuoYing Lighting
Dry Landscape Design: July Cooperative
Photographer: Zhang Hai, Yao Li |
